What is the difference in using a .254 vs .255 mask.  I know simply that the
/32 is for a single host, but have used /31 for the same application.
What would a /31 be specifically used for?

I've noticed a couple of times when I made manual entries to some of
our Cisco 1811's, that SDM stopped working, seems to happen more often
if I copy an edited startup-config file.  We ship a lot of these out,
but just can't figure out what's breaking SDM sometimes.

Due to some topology changes in my switched environment, I would like
to change the root bridge from Switch A to Switch B. Initially I used
the CATOS command "set spantree root 1-4094" on Switch A which set the
Spanning Tree Priority to 24576 for all VLANS.

Im getting an 442: Failed to enable Virtual Adapter.error when im trying to
connect using my cisco vpn cilent..
Does anyone have an advice on this issue?
My log is:

I'm trying to configure my outside device to authenticate to my
internal TACACS server. The outside device will need to go through my
firewall to reach the TACACS server. PIX is using static and conduit
configurations.

I am trying to figure out wich access list is blocking my attempts to
connect to a ASA5500 via Cisco ASDM Launcher. On the console of the
ASA I am getting the following when I attempt to lauch the ASDM:
%ASA-3-710003: TCP access denied by ACL from 172.16.

Dear all, could i get views on the issue of outpktdrops being reported
when i do;
show int atm0/0
as described below;

I am having problem with my 501 DHCP server. that PIX box responsible to
provide IP addresses for wireless clients via a wireless AP and a
controller.
dhcpd address 1.0.0.20-1.0.0.35 inside

I have an ASA Box as my Gateway to the Internet here. It serves the internal
Net 192.168.1.0/24. Also I have an ISR 871 connected to the ASA (on inside
lan) which have a PATed 192.168.1.1/24 Net behind.
On the ISR I have configured a DDNS Client in order to get my DYNDNS account

If you can spare about 10 minutes to take a survey I would love to
hear about how the global recession is (or is not) changing your
personal or organizational IT plans.
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please give your openion.
I am studying ccnp now and i am a little doubt about my next step.
Is it better to study both Cisco and Microsoft networking or just
focus on one of them?

I have been given a template configuration for a DSCP based QoS.
So the incoming traffic policy map marks the traffic accordingly, and
then the WAN interface calls policy map S-QUEUE to decide how
to handle the outbound traffic which in turn calls policy map QUEUE.

I had gotten this to work at one point by blindly trying stuff, but we
havd a power and I lost those settings and I am at a loss to get it
working again.
In short:

Antivirus system pro is a rogue spyware fake program. This program is
a scamware and is desgined to extort some extra monry from users by
forcing users to purchase Ant Virus System pro. Please do not buy it.
if your pc has got a popup alert of ANTI VIRUS SYSTEM PRO, this means

I am playing with some routers in a lab and just to say that I've seen
it break things I set 'no ip classless'. However, I am not getting the
result I expected and I was hoping someone could tell me what I'm
missing.